{"title":"Lichen and Mosses","description":"\u003cp data-start=\"173\" data-end=\"271\"\u003eA curated selection of dye lichens and mosses used in traditional and experimental natural dyeing.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"273\" data-end=\"479\"\u003eThese materials are known for producing soft purples, pinks, greys, and earthy tones, often through fermentation rather than heat. Results vary depending on species and process, making each dye bath unique.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"481\" data-end=\"604\"\u003eThis collection is ideal for artists, historical dyers, and curious makers who enjoy exploration and subtle color palettes.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"606\" data-end=\"693\"\u003eBest suited for slow dyeing and experimental work rather than fully repeatable results.\u003c\/p\u003e","products":[{"product_id":"old-mans-beard-usnea-barbata-lichen-organic","title":"Old Man's Beard  (Usnea barbata Lichen) Organic","description":"\u003cp data-start=\"129\" data-end=\"556\"\u003eLichens were among the earliest dyes used in Europe, valued by the Anglo-Saxons for embroideries and small wool embellishments. They belong to the remarkable group of dyestuffs that can create both warm oranges and the elusive purple shades, depending on the method and pH. Because they do not require mordants, lichen dyes are simple to use, though patience is key when working with the ammonia steeping method.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"558\" data-end=\"967\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"558\" data-end=\"577\"\u003eHistorical Note\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr data-start=\"577\" data-end=\"580\"\u003eLichens were sometimes used as substitutes fo\u003cstrong\u003er Tyrian Purple, th\u003c\/strong\u003ee mollusk-derived dye reserved for royalty and the elite. By fermenting lichens in ammonia (traditionally stale urine), dyers could create purples and violets that imitated this prized colour at a fraction of the cost. These processes were especially important in Northern Europe where mollusk purple was unavailable.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"969\" data-end=\"1086\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"969\" data-end=\"998\"\u003eActive Coloring Compounds\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr data-start=\"998\" data-end=\"1001\"\u003eLichen acids such as orcein, lecanoric acid, and usnic acid (depending on species).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1088\" data-end=\"1168\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"1088\" data-end=\"1106\"\u003eCI Colour Name\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr data-start=\"1106\" data-end=\"1109\"\u003eClosest family: \u003cstrong data-start=\"1125\" data-end=\"1165\"\u003eCI Natural Red 28 \/ Natural Violet 2\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1170\" data-end=\"1188\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"1170\" data-end=\"1186\"\u003eShading Tips\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"1189\" data-end=\"1455\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-start=\"1189\" data-end=\"1241\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1191\" data-end=\"1241\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"1191\" data-end=\"1209\"\u003eBoiling method\u003c\/strong\u003e → peach to deep orange shades\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-start=\"1242\" data-end=\"1319\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1244\" data-end=\"1319\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"1244\" data-end=\"1268\"\u003eAmmonia steep method\u003c\/strong\u003e → red, violet, purple, even blue depending on pH\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-start=\"1320\" data-end=\"1378\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1322\" data-end=\"1378\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"1322\" data-end=\"1353\"\u003eAcidic modifier post-dyeing\u003c\/strong\u003e → shifts fibres redder\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-start=\"1379\" data-end=\"1455\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1381\" data-end=\"1455\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"1381\" data-end=\"1426\"\u003eAlkaline modifier (5% soda ash or potash)\u003c\/strong\u003e → shifts to purple or blue\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"2337\" data-end=\"2422\"\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"2424\" data-end=\"2520\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"2424\" data-end=\"2440\"\u003eRelated Dyes\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr data-start=\"2440\" data-end=\"2443\"\u003eOther lichens in this category: Oak Moss Lichen and Icelandic Moss.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"2522\" data-end=\"2564\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"2522\" data-end=\"2532\"\u003eSource\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr data-start=\"2532\" data-end=\"2535\"\u003eWildcrafted from Macedonia.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"The Natural Dye Store","offers":[{"title":"100 grams | Fine Pieces","offer_id":43136935723119,"sku":"OMB.PCS.100","price":13.5,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"200 grams | Fine Pieces","offer_id":43136935755887,"sku":"OMB.PCS.200","price":26.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0649\/6177\/3679\/files\/Old_Man_s_Beard_Usnea_barbata_Lichen_Organic.jpg?v=1755563683"},{"product_id":"club-moss-lycopodium-clavatum-organic","title":"Club Moss (Lycopodium clavatum) organic","description":"\u003cp data-start=\"162\" data-end=\"314\"\u003e\u003cem data-start=\"162\" data-end=\"312\"\u003e(Also known as Common Club Moss, Stag’s-horn Club Moss, Wolf’s-foot Club Moss, Running Pine, Ground Pine, Princess Pine, Creeping Cedar, and others)\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"316\" data-end=\"692\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"316\" data-end=\"331\"\u003eDescription\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr data-start=\"331\" data-end=\"334\"\u003eClub moss is a plant of ancient lineage, belonging to the Lycopodiaceae (clubmoss) family. Although commonly called a “moss,” it is in fact larger and taller, reproducing through spores found in cone-like tips called strobili. The plant is notable for its ability to bio-accumulate aluminium, which made it a useful auxiliary in historic dyeing traditions.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"694\" data-end=\"1179\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"694\" data-end=\"713\"\u003eHistorical Note\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr data-start=\"713\" data-end=\"716\"\u003eClub moss was used as a mordant in folk dyeing, particularly noted in Northern Europe during the Finnish Iron Age. Its spores were also famously used as flash powder in early photography and theatre due to their combustibility. Today, it remains of interest mainly for historical re-enactment and research, since sustainable alternatives are preferred for regular dyeing. In parts of Europe (including the Netherlands and Belgium) it is protected due to rarity.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1181\" data-end=\"1262\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"1181\" data-end=\"1202\"\u003eActive Components\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr data-start=\"1202\" data-end=\"1205\"\u003eSpores and tissues rich in aluminium-binding compounds.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1264\" data-end=\"1371\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"1264\" data-end=\"1280\"\u003eCI Reference\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr data-start=\"1280\" data-end=\"1283\"\u003eNot listed in the Colour Index — used as a mordanting assistant rather than a dye.\u003cstrong data-start=\"1373\" data-end=\"1388\"\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1802\" data-end=\"1814\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"1802\" data-end=\"1812\"\u003eAdvice\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli data-start=\"1817\" data-end=\"1895\"\u003eRecommended for special projects, historical re-enactment, and research.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-start=\"1898\" data-end=\"1974\"\u003eFor regular mordanting, use alum, which is more sustainable and effective.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-start=\"1977\" data-end=\"2099\"\u003eClub moss is protected in some regions; our supply is carefully harvested in Romania from non-protected populations.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"2101\" data-end=\"2202\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"2101\" data-end=\"2111\"\u003eSource\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr data-start=\"2111\" data-end=\"2114\"\u003eWild-harvested in Romania, offered exclusively to represent traditional dye materials.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"The Natural Dye Store","offers":[{"title":"100 grams","offer_id":43136981565551,"sku":"LYC.PCS.100","price":9.5,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"200 grams","offer_id":43136981598319,"sku":"LYC.PCS.200","price":18.05,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"500 grams","offer_id":43136981631087,"sku":"LYC.PCS.500","price":42.75,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0649\/6177\/3679\/files\/Club_Moss_Lycopodium_clavatum_organic.jpg?v=1755558392"},{"product_id":"oak-moss-lichen-evernia-prunastri-organic","title":"Oak Moss Lichen (Evernia prunastri) Organic","description":"\u003cp data-start=\"147\" data-end=\"490\"\u003eOak moss is a lichen that grows on the bark of oak and other trees in temperate forests. Harvested sustainably, it offers dyers a palette that ranges from earthy yellows to rich purples, depending on the extraction method. Beyond its role in the dyepot, oak moss is also prized in perfumery for its deep, forest-like aroma.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"492\" data-end=\"885\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"492\" data-end=\"511\"\u003eHistorical Note\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr data-start=\"511\" data-end=\"514\"\u003eOak moss has been gathered across Europe for centuries. While its slow growth makes it a carefully regulated resource today, in earlier times it was a common material for both dyeing and scent. The famous “orchil” or “cudbear” purples, used as substitutes for Tyrian purple, were often produced from lichens like \u003cem data-start=\"827\" data-end=\"846\"\u003eEvernia prunastri\u003c\/em\u003e using the ammonia extraction method.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"887\" data-end=\"981\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"887\" data-end=\"916\"\u003eActive Coloring Compounds\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr data-start=\"916\" data-end=\"919\"\u003eOrcinol and related lichen acids (precursors of orchil dye).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"983\" data-end=\"1093\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"983\" data-end=\"1001\"\u003eCI Colour Name\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr data-start=\"1001\" data-end=\"1004\"\u003eClosest family: \u003cstrong data-start=\"1020\" data-end=\"1060\"\u003eCI Natural Yellow 8 \/ Natural Red 28\u003c\/strong\u003e (varies by extraction method)\u003cstrong data-start=\"1095\" data-end=\"1111\"\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"2028\" data-end=\"2112\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"2028\" data-end=\"2038\"\u003eSource\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr data-start=\"2038\" data-end=\"2041\"\u003eOur oak moss is \u003cstrong data-start=\"2057\" data-end=\"2109\"\u003ewild-grafted from sustainable woods in Macedonia\u003c\/strong\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"The Natural Dye Store","offers":[{"title":"100 grams","offer_id":43136993067119,"sku":"OAK.MOSS.PCS.100","price":9.5,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"200 grams","offer_id":43136993099887,"sku":"OAK.MOSS.PCS.200","price":18.05,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"500 grams","offer_id":43136993132655,"sku":"OAK.MOSS.PCS.500","price":42.75,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0649\/6177\/3679\/files\/Oak_Moss_Lichen_Evernia_prunastri_Organic.jpg?v=1755558251"},{"product_id":"icelandic-moss-lichen-cetraria-islandica-organic","title":"Icelandic Moss Lichen (Cetraria islandica) Organic","description":"\u003cp data-start=\"154\" data-end=\"498\"\u003eLichens have been used as dyestuffs for centuries, providing a surprising range of colours depending on species and method of extraction. This sun-dried lichen, cut into pieces, is a versatile material for the dyer. Depending on the process, lichens can yield soft yellows, earthy browns, warm oranges, or even rich purples.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"500\" data-end=\"894\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"500\" data-end=\"519\"\u003eHistorical Note\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr data-start=\"519\" data-end=\"522\"\u003eIn Europe, lichen dyes were among the earliest recorded local colourants, long before exotic dyestuffs were imported. The famous Scottish and Irish “crottle” dyes, for example, gave deep purples and reddish browns. The so-called “orchil” or “cudbear” dyes, extracted through ammonia steeping, were important in textile history as substitutes for the costly murex purple.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"896\" data-end=\"1034\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"896\" data-end=\"925\"\u003eActive Coloring Compounds\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr data-start=\"925\" data-end=\"928\"\u003eDepsides, depsidones, and lichen acids (e.g. orcein, lecanoric acid, usnic acid — depending on species).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1036\" data-end=\"1150\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"1036\" data-end=\"1054\"\u003eCI Colour Name\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr data-start=\"1054\" data-end=\"1057\"\u003eClosest family: \u003cstrong data-start=\"1073\" data-end=\"1112\"\u003eCI Natural Red 28 \/ Natural Brown 7\u003c\/strong\u003e (varies greatly by lichen species).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1152\" data-end=\"1170\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"1152\" data-end=\"1168\"\u003eShading Tips\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul data-start=\"1171\" data-end=\"1383\"\u003e\n\u003cli data-start=\"1171\" data-end=\"1234\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1173\" data-end=\"1234\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"1173\" data-end=\"1201\"\u003eBoiling water extraction\u003c\/strong\u003e → yellows, oranges, and browns\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-start=\"1235\" data-end=\"1303\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1237\" data-end=\"1303\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"1237\" data-end=\"1275\"\u003eAmmonia extraction (orchil method)\u003c\/strong\u003e → purples, violets, pinks\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli data-start=\"1304\" data-end=\"1383\"\u003e\n\u003cp data-start=\"1306\" data-end=\"1383\"\u003eLength of steeping, fibre type, and mordant choice all affect final results\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"The Natural Dye Store","offers":[{"title":"100 grams","offer_id":43136996442223,"sku":"ICE.MOSS.PCS.100","price":9.5,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"200 grams","offer_id":43136996474991,"sku":"ICE.MOSS.PCS.200","price":18.05,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0649\/6177\/3679\/files\/Icelandic_Moss_Lichen_Cetraria_islandica_Organic.png?v=1755823334"}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0649\/6177\/3679\/collections\/Oak_Moss_Lichen_Evernia_prunastri.jpg?v=1768895810","url":"https:\/\/naturaldyestore.com\/collections\/lichen-and-mosses.oembed","provider":"Natural Dye Store","version":"1.0","type":"link"}