Cochineal is one of the world’s most iconic red dyes, obtained from the dried female insects of Dactylopius coccus Costa, cultivated on nopal (prickly pear) cactus. Our cochineal comes from a small, sustainable farm in Peru, produced under organic and fair-trade standards. With a high carminic acid content (19–22%), these insects yield brilliant reds, pinks, and purples that are prized by natural dyers worldwide.

Historically, cochineal was a highly valuable export from the Americas to Europe from the 16th century onward, shaping global textile trade. Today, it remains the only natural red colorant still widely approved for use in textiles, food, and cosmetics.

Active dye components: carminic acid (carmine, E120)
CI Natural Red 4 

Shading Tips

• No mordant needed on wool: bright, stable reds with cream of tartar
• Alum: clean pinks, reds, and magentas
• Alum + cream of tartar: pushes shades warmer, toward crimson
• Tannin + alum: richer, deeper hues on cellulose
• Iron: muted purples, violets, and greys
• pH sensitive: acidic baths intensify reds; alkaline baths shift to purples
• Overdye with indigo: plums, burgundy, and nearly black shades